Miguel Hernández: construcción poética a la luz de una biografía

Abstract

Miguel Hernández construyó su poética condicionado por las circunstancias dramáticas de su vida. Sin embargo, la obra no es un mero producto de la biografía. En su maduración estética intervienen otros elementos: su afán de triunfo social, los ingredientes de un universo entre lo rústico y lo pastoril, su tendencia natural al patetismo y al desbordamiento expresivo (que refrenó mediante modelos de poesía conceptual y clasicista). Todos los componentes de su escritura, de variado origen, se funden y personalizan en sus poemas carcelarios, una cima de la lírica del siglo XX.

Miguel Hernández’s poetry was constructed within the framework of the dramatic circumstances of his own life. Nevertheless, his literary work is not a mere product of his biography. Other elements that intervened in the author’s aesthetic coming of age were: his desire for social success, the ingredients of a universe somewhere between the rustic and the pastoral, his natural tendency towards pathos and expressive excess (which he was able to restrain through models of conceptual and classicist poetry). All the components of his writing, from a range of origins, merge and become personalized in his prison poems, a peak of twentieth century lyricism.