Does tourism development improve quality of life in Kazakhstan?

Abstract

This article examines whether tourism development improves life quality and boosts Kazakhstan's economy. To investigate this, we employed time series analysis, specifically cointegration and Granger non-causality tests, to variables representing Kazakhstan's quality of life, tourism development, and economic growth. The results show that quality of life and tourist development in Kazakhstan are cointegrated. Moreover, the analysis identifies univocal links extending from quality of life to tourism development, indicating a Granger causality between quality of life and tourism development but not vice versa. Kazakhstan's economic expansion does not affect tourism or quality of life.