Updating the National Baseline of Non-Indigenous Species in Spanish Marine Waters
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Título: | Updating the National Baseline of Non-Indigenous Species in Spanish Marine Waters |
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Autor/es: | Png-Gonzalez, Lydia | Comas-González, Robert | Calvo-Manazza, Matías | Follana-Berná, Guillermo | Ballesteros, Enric | Díaz-Tapia, Pilar | Falcón, Jesús M. | García Raso, J. Enrique | Gofas, Serge | González-Porto, Marcos | López, Eduardo | Ramos-Esplá, Alfonso A. | Velasco, Eva | Carbonell, Aina |
Grupo/s de investigación o GITE: | Biología Marina |
Centro, Departamento o Servicio: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada |
Palabras clave: | Alien species | National NIS inventories | Mediterranean Sea | Northeast Atlantic | Descriptor 2 | Marine Strategy Framework Directive |
Fecha de publicación: | 5-may-2023 |
Editor: | MDPI |
Cita bibliográfica: | Png-Gonzalez L, Comas-González R, Calvo-Manazza M, Follana-Berná G, Ballesteros E, Díaz-Tapia P, Falcón JM, García Raso JE, Gofas S, González-Porto M, López E, Ramos-Esplá AA, Velasco E, Carbonell A. Updating the National Baseline of Non-Indigenous Species in Spanish Marine Waters. Diversity. 2023; 15(5):630. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050630 |
Resumen: | The introduction of new non-indigenous species (NIS) in Spanish marine waters is addressed under Descriptor 2 of the European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive. National baseline inventories of NIS have been compiled and updated for the three subregions (Western Mediterranean Sea, WMED; Bay of Biscay–Iberian Coast, ABI; Macaronesia, AMA) with data from 1800 to 2021. An overall of 574 species were identified with an alien, cryptogenic, crypto-expanding, or debatable status, mostly invertebrates (~65%) and primary producers (~22%). Of 412 alien species, 80.51% were reported in ABI, 67.82% in WMED, and 66.67% in AMA. Cryptogenic species are more abundant in the WMED (25.25%), compared to AMA (19.77%) and ABI (18.46%). ABI harbors more established species (62.56%) than AMA (45.2%) and WMED (43.56%), contrary to casual records (AMA 31.64%, WMED 23.76%, ABI 13.85%). Invasive species are more abundant (14.36%) in WMED. The ‘transport-stowaway’ pathway accounted for 142 (79.33%), 123 (67.58%), and 169 (85.21%) records in WMED, ABI, and AMA, respectively. The second most common pathway was ‘transport-contaminant’ related to mariculture (~10% of the total), prevalently in ABI with 42 species (23.08%). The Canary Islands stand out for species introduced through oil platforms from throughout the world. ‘Unaided’ was a relevant pathway of secondary introduction into the WMED, particularly of Lessepsian species progressing westwards. Temporal trends in newly introduced species show similar behavior among subregions. |
Patrocinador/es: | This research was funded by Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico, grant number 11_MM_ESMARES2. The APC was funded by the ESMARES2-C3 project. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/134345 |
ISSN: | 1424-2818 |
DOI: | 10.3390/d15050630 |
Idioma: | eng |
Tipo: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Derechos: | © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Revisión científica: | si |
Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050630 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | INV - BM - Artículos Científicos / Scientific Papers |
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