Retos y claves para la traducción, adaptación y escenificación de cuentos tradicionales para niños. Una experiencia multicultural

Abstract

Este artículo relata una experiencia multicultural conjunta llevada a cabo por las universidades de Alcalá y Alicante. Se trata de la realización del proyecto "Teatricuentos - Teatro Infantil Integrador", desarrollado en 2003-2004. Nuestro punto de partida fue la convincción de que la integración y la convivencia igualitaria y no discriminatoria pasan por la comprensión de la realidad del "otro", resultante, a su vez, de un proceso de comunicación intercultural que trate no de "asimilar" al ser diferente, sino de intercambiar con él vivencias y experiencias, enriqueciéndose mutuamente. Con el fin de llevarlo a la práctica, realizamos la dramatización de cuentos de distintas culturas y lo pusimos en escena representado por actores procedentes de estas culturas en escuelas y centros culturales. Creemos haber abierto un canal comunicativo para el diálogo entre culturas y el (re)conocimiento de uno mismo y del "otro".

Our schools are getting an ever stronger multicultural colour. It is necessary thus organize activities that should be able to contribute to mutual knowledge with the aim of helping cohabitation and children's harmonious development. This is the frame in which an intercultural experience has been carried out in the universities of Alicante and Alcalá during the academic year 2003-2004. Our intention in this paper is to describe the process of selection of three traditional tales from those areas showing the most prominent presence in our country presently (Latin America, Maghreb and Romania) and to analyse the difficulties (linguistic, cultural, of place and time and related to the type of addressee) that were encountered when translating the original text into the languages of the performance (Spanish, Catalan and Romanian). We also intend to tackle the question of adaptation within the process of producing a dramatized version of these children tales to be played by Romanian actors who had no knowledge of Spanish or Catalan whatsoever before they started the rehearsals. The challenges that such an experience sets from its very beginning and the effort made by the director and actors for its staging are multiple and very complex but the ulterior success indicates that the project was a rewarding experience which is worth trying again for the sake of mutual cohabitation and approach of languages and cultures.