Hydrophilic magnetic ionic liquid for magnetic headspace single-drop microextraction of chlorobenzenes prior to thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Title: | Hydrophilic magnetic ionic liquid for magnetic headspace single-drop microextraction of chlorobenzenes prior to thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry |
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Authors: | Fernández Martínez, Elena | Vidal, Lorena | Canals, Antonio |
Research Group/s: | Espectroscopía Atómica-Masas y Química Analítica en Condiciones Extremas |
Center, Department or Service: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología | Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Universitario de Materiales |
Keywords: | Magnetic ionic liquid | Magnetic headspace single-drop microextraction | Thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | Chlorobenzenes | Water samples |
Knowledge Area: | Química Analítica |
Issue Date: | Jul-2018 |
Publisher: | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
Citation: | Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2018, 410(19): 4679-4687. doi:10.1007/s00216-017-0755-2 |
Abstract: | A new, fast, easy to handle, and environmentally friendly magnetic headspace single-drop microextraction (Mag-HS-SDME) based on a magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) as an extractant solvent is presented. A small drop of the MIL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetraisothiocyanatocobaltate(II) ([Emim]2[Co(NCS)4]) is located on one end of a small neodymium magnet to extract nine chlorobenzenes (1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, and pentachlorobenzene) as model analytes from water samples prior to thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination. A multivariate optimization strategy was employed to optimize experimental parameters affecting Mag-HS-SDME. The method was evaluated under optimized extraction conditions (i.e., sample volume, 20 mL; MIL volume, 1 μL; extraction time, 10 min; stirring speed, 1500 rpm; and ionic strength, 15% NaCl (w/v)), obtaining a linear response from 0.05 to 5 μg L−1 for all analytes. The repeatability of the proposed method was evaluated at 0.7 and 3 μg L−1 spiking levels and coefficients of variation ranged between 3 and 18% (n = 3). Limits of detection were in the order of nanograms per liter ranging from 4 ng L−1 for 1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene to 8 ng L−1 for 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. Finally, tap water, pond water, and wastewater were selected as real water samples to assess the applicability of the method. Relative recoveries varied between 82 and 114% showing negligible matrix effects. |
Sponsor: | The authors would like to thank Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia del Conocimiento of the University of Alicante (UAUSTI16-04), Generalitat Valenciana (project nos. GVA/2014/096 and PROMETEO/2013/038), and Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (project no. CTQ2016-79991-R, AEI/FEDER, UE) for the financial support. E. Fernández thanks Ministerio de Educación for her FPU grant (FPU13/03125). |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/77137 |
ISSN: | 1618-2642 (Print) | 1618-2650 (Online) |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00216-017-0755-2 |
Language: | eng |
Type: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Rights: | © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2017 |
Peer Review: | si |
Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0755-2 |
Appears in Collections: | INV - SP-BG - Artículos de Revistas |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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2018_Elena-Fernandez_etal_AnalBioanalChem_final.pdf | Versión final (acceso restringido) | 781,62 kB | Adobe PDF | Open Request a copy |
2018_Elena-Fernandez_etal_AnalBioanalChem_revised.pdf | Versión revisada (acceso abierto) | 1,15 MB | Adobe PDF | Open Preview |
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