La perspectiva en la infancia y adolescencia como metodología jurídica: nuevas narrativas para un derecho no adultocéntrico

Abstract

El estudio indaga en la relevancia de la implementación de la perspectiva (enfoque) en la infancia y adolescencia a la hora de interpretar y aplicar nomas jurídicas en asuntos que afecten a menores tras la aprobación y entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 8/2021. Máxime si se conceptúa dicha perspectiva o enfoque como metodología clave para el análisis del discurso jurídico. Se busca reflexionar sobre los Sistemas de Justicia a los efectos de determinar si estos están preparados para escuchar a las y los menores, y si esta escucha se lleva a cabo desde la posición situada de estos. Esto es, desde la crítica a la articulación de un derecho, el ser oído, que ha venido configurándose desde una visión adultocéntrica y con sesgos de género. Se lleva a cabo una revisión normativa en materia de protección a la infancia para centrarse en las novedades que incorpora la ley de 2021, su eficacia normativa, así como los retos pro futuro desde los informes de impacto en la infancia. Abstract This study investigates the relevance of the implementation of the perspective (approach) on childhood and adolescence when interpreting and applying legal norms in matters affecting minors after the approval and entry into force of Organic Law 8/2021. Especially if this perspective or approach is considered as a key methodology for the analysis of legal discourse. The aim is to reflect on the Justice Systems in order to determine whether they are prepared to listen to minors, and whether this listening is carried out from their position. That is, from the critique of the articulation of a right, the right to be heard, which has been configured from an adult-centric and gender-biased vision. A normative review on child protection is carried out in order to focus on the novelties incorporated in the law of 2021, its normative effectiveness, as well as the challenges for the future from the child impact reports.

This study investigates the relevance of the implementation of the perspective (approach) on childhood and adolescence when interpreting and applying legal norms in matters affecting minors after the approval and entry into force of Organic Law 8/2021. Especially if this perspective or approach is considered as a key methodology for the analysis of legal discourse. The aim is to reflect on the Justice Systems in order to determine whether they are prepared to listen to minors, and whether this listening is carried out from their position. That is, from the critique of the articulation of a right, the right to be heard, which has been configured from an adult centric and gender biased vision. A normative review on child protection is carried out in order to focus on the novelties incorporated in the law of 2021, its normative effectiveness, as well as the challenges for the future from the child impact reports.