Analysis of the failure and remedial measures taken after the collapse of a historical bell
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Título: | Analysis of the failure and remedial measures taken after the collapse of a historical bell |
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Autor/es: | Ivorra, Salvador | Torres, Benjamín | Cárcel, Alfonso C. |
Grupo/s de investigación o GITE: | Grupo de Ensayo, Simulación y Modelización de Estructuras (GRESMES) |
Centro, Departamento o Servicio: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ingeniería Civil |
Palabras clave: | Bell | Fatigue failure | Failure analysis | Remedial measures | Cyclic loading | Forensic engineering |
Área/s de conocimiento: | Mecánica de Medios Contínuos y Teoría de Estructuras |
Fecha de publicación: | 4-dic-2021 |
Editor: | Elsevier |
Cita bibliográfica: | Engineering Failure Analysis. 2022, 133: 105950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105950 |
Resumen: | This paper describes the collapse analysis of the historical El Jaume bell, cast in 1429, one of the bells in the Cathedral of Valencia’s Micalet bell tower (Spain). In 1992 the yoke was completely restored and given a new steel axis. The failure occurred when the bells were being rung on Christmas Day 2014, fortunately without any casualties. After several field visits to assess the damage and failure ‘‘in situ”, a diagnosis was made of the causes of the failure. The diagnosis was the result of (1) a detailed visual inspection, (2) a metallographic and fractographic analysis of the fractured steel axis, (3) a fatigue damage analysis by finite element modelling software and (4) an estimation of the bell’s remaining fatigue life cycle using Whöler S-N curves. In view of the results obtained it was concluded that the fatigue life cycle should have been reached between 300,000 and 400,000 cycles, while the failure occurred at 346,500 cycles. Although these elements are usually designed to not fail during its life, they can sometimes suffer cracks during cyclic ringing. One of the main causes of the fatigue failure was the incorrect design of the steel gudgeon, which produced a high stress concentration and drastically reduced the fatigue strength at 106 cycles. The paper also describes the remedial measures taken to avoid fatigue failure in the other bells and the lessons that have been learned from the experience. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/120077 |
ISSN: | 1350-6307 (Print) | 1873-1961 (Online) |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105950 |
Idioma: | eng |
Tipo: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Derechos: | © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
Revisión científica: | si |
Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105950 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | INV - GRESMES - Artículos de Revistas |
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Ivorra_etal_2022_EngFailAnal.pdf | 14,13 MB | Adobe PDF | Abrir Vista previa | |
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