Tudurí, Eva, Soriano, Sergi, Almagro, Lucía, Montanya, Eduard, Alonso Magdalena, Paloma, Nadal, Ángel, Quesada, Iván
The pancreatic β-cell in ageing: Implications in age-related diabetes
Ageing Research Reviews. 2022, 80: 101674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101674
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10045/126200
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101674
ISSN: 1568-1637 (Print)
Abstract: 
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) increases with ageing. T2D generally results from progressive impairment of the pancreatic islets to adapt β-cell mass and function in the setting of insulin resistance and increased insulin demand. Several studies have shown an age-related decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity. However, a precise understanding of the pancreatic β-cell response in ageing is still lacking. In this review, we summarize the age-related alterations, adaptations and/or failures of β-cells at the molecular, morphological and functional levels in mouse and human. Age-associated alterations include processes such as β-cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell identity that can influence β-cell mass. Age-related changes also affect β-cell function at distinct steps including electrical activity, Ca2+ signaling and insulin secretion, among others. We will consider the potential impact of these alterations and those mediated by senescence pathways on β-cells and their implications in age-related T2D. Finally, given the great diversity of results in the field of β-cell ageing, we will discuss the sources of this heterogeneity. A better understanding of β-cell biology during ageing, particularly at older ages, will improve our insight into the contribution of β-cells to age-associated T2D and may boost new therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:Ageing, Insulin secretion, Pancreatic beta-cell function, Pancreatic beta-cell mass, Senescence, Diabetes
Elsevier
info:eu-repo/semantics/article