http://hdl.handle.net/10045/11725 2013-05-25T06:33:09Z http://hdl.handle.net/10045/11735 Título: The relationship between pain and physical activity in older adults that begin a program of physical activity Autor/es: Zurita Ortega, Félix; Fernández García, Rubén; Cepero González, Mar; Zagalaz Sánchez, María Luisa; Valverde Cepeda, Matías; Ramírez Domínguez, Patricia Resumen: There is no doubt that the population is progressively aging. This study evaluates the relationship between the variables of the level and type of physical activity and the degree of pain, with a series of socio-demographic variables, such as age, gender, civil status and occupation. The final selection of the sample, composed of 564 participants, with an average age of 61.05 years and an age range between 40 and 88 years from the province of Almeria, Southern Spain, was made by a sampling technique intended to provide a natural composition with a criterion of inclusion, that is to say, people aged 40 or older. Various measuring instruments were chosen (pain scale and questionnaire) to collect the variables selected. The results indicated that 80.9% of the participants presented with a moderate degree of pain, the cervical area and knees being the structures most affected. On the other hand, 73.2% of the sample population habitually carried out physical and sporting tasks, with no differences according to gender, but showing differences according to age and occupation. The most common activities were walking (88.64%) and keep fit (25.65%). There was no correlation between physical activity and the degree of pain. The main conclusions highlight the need to create exercise and health protocols and programmes with a multidisciplinary approach, adapted to the individual needs of each person and the promotion of the construction of new, modern sporting facilities in rural areas so that people may enjoy better sporting opportunities. 2009-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10045/11734 Título: Analysis of beach volleyball action sequences of female top athletes Autor/es: Koch, Christina; Tilp, Markus Resumen: The purpose of the study was to investigate sequences of typical beach volleyball actions to determine action patterns and anticipate athlete’s behaviour. Videos from 18 games including 1645 action sequences consisting of 10918 actions from female World Tour athletes were analyzed. Single actions were recorded in a data base and probabilities of serve-reception, set-attacking, and reception-attacking action sequences were determined by means of database queries. Chi-square tests were applied to determine significant patterns. Results did not reveal any superior type of serve which would create difficulties for the receiving team (p>0.05). The type of attack (smash or shot) did not significantly depend on the position of the setting. However, there was a tendency (p= 0.054) to hard attacks when the ball was preceded by a setting far away from the net of from a lateral position near the side lines. The temporal position within a rally did neither effect the type nor the quality of attack (p>0.05). Contrariwise, the quality of the preceding reception did influence the type (p<0.01) and the quality (p<0.05) of attack. Following “good” receptions athletes preferred hard attacks and were more effective compared to situation where they had “perfect” or “poor” receptions. Although dependencies could not be detected in all analyzed cases the analysis of beach volleyball action sequences even by simple means of probabilities is a promising method to determine tactical patterns in beach volleyball. 2009-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10045/11733 Título: The effectiveness of chosen training means in the development of endurance in youth swimmers Autor/es: Cholewa, Jaroslaw; Czuba, Milosz; Zajac, Adam; Mikolajec, Kazimierz Resumen: The main objective of the work was to present the practical application of a mathematical model to optimize sports training. From empirical data, collected during an experiment a mathematical model of sports training for young swimmers was created. The effectiveness of particular training means on sport results was evaluated. The research was conducted on a group of 20 youth swimmers aged 14±0,5 years, with an average body mass of 50,73±7,39 kg and body height of 164,2±8,12 cm respectively. The swimmers presented a high, national level of sports performance. The research allowed to draw theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the application of the mathematical model in sports training. 2009-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10045/11732 Título: The relation between angular displacement of the hammer in the double support phase and its velocity in the hammer throw Autor/es: Rojas Ruiz, Francisco Javier; Gutiérrez Dávila, Marcos Resumen: The present study arises as a response to the historical controversy about the theoretical model of the hammer throw and performance. It starts from the fluctuations produced in the tangential velocity in the centre of gravity (CG) of the hammer in each turn, accelerating during the double support phase and reducing markedly in the single support phase. Coaches have sought to prolong the double support phase, although other studies have shown that acceleration is also possible during the single support phase. It has recently been proved that to the extent that the velocity of the CG of the hammer increases, the time that the thrower remains in the double support phase tends to reduce. The action of thirty hammer throwers in five national and international competitions has been analysed, utilizing the methodology proposed by Dapena (1984) and Gutiérrez, Soto & Rojas (2002) of 3D photogrammetric techniques. The results show a correlation between the angular displacement of the hammer during the double support phase and its average velocity in the penultimate turn (R=-0.50; p<.005). In the second turn no significant differences were found in the relation between the variables, while for the final action of the throw a certain negative correlation among the variables existed (-0.39; p<0.05). Finally, no relation was found between the angular displacement of the hammer and the change in velocity in the double support phase. 2009-10-01T00:00:00Z